Bentonite has a unique property: when hydrated in the free state, its volume increases 14-16 times. In conditions of limited space hydrated bentonite passes into the state of plastic gel, resulting in the formation of a dense waterproofing layer with low water permeability.

Bentonite clay is an active component of such waterproofing materials as bentonite liners (GCLs) and bentonite cords.